The National Education Association (NEA), the largest teachers’ union in the United States, representing more than 3 million educators, is facing a federal civil rights complaint alleging that the organization discriminated against Jewish members and fostered a hostile environment that allowed antisemitism to flourish within the union.

The complaint was filed with the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) by the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law on behalf of Jewish educators who are current and former members of the union. The filing alleges the NEA violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act by discriminating against Jewish members based on religion, shared ancestry, and Israeli national origin while permitting a hostile environment to develop within the organization.

Among the allegations are claims that Jewish delegates attending the union’s July 2025 Representative Assembly in Portland, Oregon, faced harassment, intimidation, and exclusion during debates over Israel-related issues and a proposal targeting the Anti-Defamation League (ADL).

According to the complaint, a Jewish delegate from Colorado spoke against a measure calling for the NEA to boycott the ADL and referenced the death of Karen Diamond, an 82-year-old Holocaust survivor who later died after being injured in an antisemitic firebomb attack at a pro-Israel hostage rally in Boulder. The filing alleges her remarks were met with laughter and applause from anti-Israel activists attending the assembly. The NEA Jewish Affairs Caucus later described the reaction as “beyond political” and “inhuman and repulsive.”

The complaint further alleges that Jewish delegates were physically intimidated during debate over the ADL resolution. According to the filing, delegates aligned with anti-Israel advocacy groups positioned themselves near members of the Jewish Affairs Caucus, shouted down Jewish participants, and created an atmosphere where Jewish delegates feared retaliation or physical confrontation. Several delegates reportedly relocated to different sections of the convention hall because they no longer felt safe participating in debate or voting.

The filing also alleges that members of the Jewish Affairs Caucus were prevented from commemorating the caucus’s 50th anniversary after groups aligned with Educators for Palestine allegedly surrounded Jewish delegates and disrupted proceedings. Security personnel reportedly intervened and stood between Jewish delegates and demonstrators. The complaint further alleges that NEA President Rebecca Pringle declined to allow the caucus chair to complete prepared remarks and instead recognized representatives of Educators for Palestine.

According to the complaint, the NEA reduced security measures during the assembly despite heightened concerns following a string of recent antisemitic attacks across the United States. The filing alleges that metal detectors were removed on the second day of the convention and security staffing was reduced, after which individuals without convention credentials entered the venue and allegedly harassed volunteers staffing a Jewish Affairs Caucus table.

Beyond the events at the Representative Assembly, the complaint argues that the NEA’s governing documents systematically discriminate against Jewish educators through race- and ethnicity-based representation requirements. The filing alleges that because many Jewish members are categorized as “White” under the union’s diversity framework, they are excluded from leadership opportunities, delegate representation goals, committee appointments, mentorship programs, and governance positions reserved for designated minority groups.

The Brandeis Center also alleges the union erased Jewish identity in official educational materials. According to the complaint, the NEA’s handbook for International Holocaust Remembrance Day described Holocaust victims as “more than 12 million victims” from various backgrounds without specifically identifying Jews as the primary targets of the genocide. Critics argued the language obscured the fact that six million Jews were systematically murdered during the Holocaust.

The complaint additionally cites an October 2025 email sent to NEA members that included a link to a digital map depicting Israel entirely as Palestine. The filing alleges the union distributed the resource one day after the anniversary of Hamas’ Oct. 7 terrorist attacks. The NEA later removed the resource following public criticism.

The filing also points to resolutions adopted by delegates that promoted education about the Palestinian “Nakba,” what they call the establishment of the modern state of Israel, and sought to distinguish anti-Zionism from antisemitism. The complaint argues the measures reflect a broader effort within the union to marginalize Jewish perspectives while failing to address antisemitism directed at Jewish educators and students.

“Individual Jewish delegates were vocally mocked, harassed, and threatened in ways that dishonor our union,” the Jewish Affairs Caucus wrote in a July 2025 letter to NEA leadership cited in the complaint. The caucus urged union officials to confront what it described as growing anti-Jewish hostility within the organization.

The EEOC will now determine whether to investigate the allegations and whether further action is warranted.